Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) control requirements have been a major hurdle in the product development for many industries. The lack of proper understanding and knowledge about the E3 complicates the problem. Also less importance is given to the E3 aspects during the development stage of the product. At the center we extend our service to the customers to achieve electromagnetic compatibility for their products. Our Engineers who have vast knowledge and long years of experience in the field helps to detect and solve the E3 related problems. Also you can exploit the use of state-of-the-art test facilities and debugging tools available at the center.

Although the industry awareness of Electromagnetic Environmental Effects Specifically electromagnetic interference and compatibility (EMI/EMC) issues has been increasing in the recent years, many designers still wait until the late stages of the product development process to test their designs for EMC. The product is mostly tested during the certification stage. Till the time the designers mainly concentrate on functionality aspects of the product, ignoring the EMI/EMC aspects. At this stage, when the product release is nearby, unfortunately, problems uncovered at that point are often difficult and expensive to fix. A much better approach is to consider EMC right from the start, by incorporating protection against EMI into a new product early in the design process. The earlier a designer addresses these issues, the more options are available and the less it costs to modify the design. For example, careful circuit board design can minimize the emissions and even can eliminate the need for shielding in embedded control designs. This is where SAMEER-CE3 offers its help to the industry. We associate with the design engineers in every stage of the product design to ensure that the problems due to the EMI/EMC are kept at the minimum. With the experience gathered over the years and test and debugging tools, the EMI/EMC requirements for the product can be met easily.

SAMEER-CE3 also helps to fix the EMI/EMC problems on the final product. The products that have failed to qualify for the EMI/EMC requirements can avail the SAMEER-CE3 expertise to solve the problem in a time bound manner. It is required to have the previous test results for availing the service.

The charges for the design services depend on the failure levels, the compliance standard, and the product, and Charge is decided by the service review committee after having a meeting with the client.

For availing the design consultancy services Programme Director may be contacted at pdvizag.sameer@nic.in

The centre has established an excellent MIL Standard test facility confirming to the requirements of the tests as per 461E/F and 464. The center has got exclusive test instrumentation comprising of various generators, loop antenna, power amplifiers, current probe, and injection probe to perform the tests. The test facilities is been extensively utilized by the industry serving the defense sector.

MIL 461E/F

• CE101 Conducted Emissions, Power Leads, 30 Hz to 10 kHz
• CE102 Conducted Emissions, Power Leads, 10 kHz to 10 MHz
• CE106 Conducted Emissions, Antenna Terminal, 10 kHz to 40 GHz
• CS101 Conducted Susceptibility, Power Leads, 30 Hz to 150 kHz
• CS103 Conducted Susceptibility, Antenna Port, Intermodulation, 15 kHz to 10 GHz
• CS104 Conducted Susceptibility, Antenna Port, Rejection of Undesired Signals, 30 Hz to 20 GHz
• CS105 Conducted Susceptibility, Antenna Port, Cross-Modulation, 30 Hz to 20 GHz
• CS109 Conducted Susceptibility, Structure Current, 60 Hz to 100 kHz
• CS114 Conducted Susceptibility, Bulk Cable Injection, 10 kHz to 200 MHz
• CS115 Conducted Susceptibility, Bulk Cable Injection, Impulse Excitation
• CS116 Conducted Susceptibility, Damped Sinusoidal Transients, Cables and Power Leads, 10 kHz to 100 MHz
• RE101 Radiated Emissions, Magnetic Field, 30 Hz to 100 kHz
• RE102 Radiated Emissions, Electric Field, 10 kHz to 18 GHz
• RE103 Radiated Emissions, Antenna Spurious and Harmonic Outputs, 10 kHz to 40 GHz
• RS101 Radiated Susceptibility, Magnetic Field, 30 Hz to 100 kHz
• RS103 Radiated Susceptibility, Electric Field, 2 MHz to 40 GHz
• RS105 Radiated Susceptibility, Transient Electromagnetic Field

HIGH-ALTITUDE ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE (HEMP) PROTECTION FOR GROUND-BASED FACILITIES/SYSTEMS PERFORMING CRITICAL, TIME-URGENT MISSIONS

PART 1: FIXED FACILITIES

PART 2: TRANSPORTABLE SYSTEMS

This standard establishes minimum requirements and design objectives for high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) hardening of fixed and transportable ground-based facilities/ systems that perform critical, time-urgent command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C4I) missions. Survivable C4I capabilities are essential to a credible military deterrent.

As per the standard, SAMEER also providing following testing requirements for verifying the installed protection measures provide the operationally required HEMP hardness for the complete system.

SHIELDING EFFECTIVENESS (SE) TEST FOR GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS:

The shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic barriers required for low-risk high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) protection of Fixed/Transportable ground-based systems with critical, time-urgent missions.

Test shall be used for shielding effectiveness acceptance testing of the subsystem shields and aperture point-of-entry (POE) protective treatments.

Minimum HEMP shielding Effectiveness requirements:

PULSED CURRENT INJECTION (PCI) TEST FOR GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS

SAMEER centre for E3,Visakhapatnam has established PCI test systems as per MIL STD 188-125-1 & 2 and Opened for serving the industries from December 2017 onwards.

PCI test for electrical Point-of-Entry (POE) protective devices required for low-risk high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) protection of ground-based facilities/Systems with critical, time-urgent missions.

Pulse current injections (PCI) acceptance testing is used to demonstrate that electrical Point of Entry (POE) protective devices perform in accordance with the transient suppression / attenuation requirements of MIL STD 188-125-1&2. The PCI tests require high energy Pulse generators for delivering current pulses either directly or through coupling devices in the cables. SAMEER has established Short Pulse, Intermediate, Charge Line Pulse test systems. The short pulse test is covered with two generators, 1.EMP80K-5-500 for up to 1 kA pulse and 2.EMP300K-5-500 for peak current pulses from 1 kA up to 5 kA. The intermediate pulse has capibility to deliver up to 260A. Charge Line Pulser for testing RF antenna line POE devices have capibility to test up to 400A with 9 different high voltage line lengths.

Test Specifications of Different Pulse Systems

Specifications	Short Pulse	Intermediate	Charge Line Pulser
Peak open circuit voltage	≤ 5 kV to 350 kV, positive only	3.0 kV max, positive only	0.2 - 25 kV, positive only
Peak short circuit current	0.1A to 5kA	260 A max	≥ 400 A
Source impedance	≥ 60 ohm	> 10 Ω (typically 11 Ω)	50 ohm
Rise time of the current (short circuit)	< 20 ns	< 1.5 µs	< 5 ns ( on 50 ohm)
Pulse length (FWHM) (short circuit)	500 - 550 ns	3 – 5 ms	Different pulse Widths as per Std
Pulse Generator

Ultra Wideband (UBW) is a short duration, Pulsed RF technology that achieves the highest possible bandwidth at the lowest possible center frequency. The technology can be used for communications, radar and Ranging / Location applications.

Technical Specifications of UWB system

Parameter	Specification
Generator maximum voltage	20kv-30kV
Rise Time	115 ps
FWHM pulse width	450 ps
Field strength	7 kV/m at 20m Distance. Filed will be more at smaller distances.
Antenna	Half Impulse Radiating Antenna
Frequency range	100 MHz – 6 GHz
Pulses per second	1Hz-100Hz
Applications	Mobile RS105, Radar Applications,Immunity tests on electronic equipment, Buried object identification,Industrial applications (e.g. detecting leaky or defective pipes underground)
HIRA antenna & Genarated E-field

Systems and installations by their very nature tend to be large and only become functioning entities when constructed on their operational site, so testing a system or an installation at a test laboratory is often completelyimpractical.

It has to be said that the main cause of EMC problems in most systems and installations are the relatively very small electronics modules or cabinets containing them, plus their interconnecting cables, and that these usually are capable of being tested on dedicated EMC test sites.

SAMEER also have dedicated test instrumentation to carry out the insitu measurements of large systems.

Due to increase use of electronics in almost all areas of everyday life, combined with the rising complexity of electronic components’ electromagnetic interactions and strict legal EMC requirements has become a central challenge to be addressed in the product manufacturing cycle.

3D Electromagnetic Simulation software allows to simulate and analyse the electromagnetic behavior of electronic circuits and components to study its intra & inter electromagnetic interference scenarios to evaluate compatibility of the products. They also mimic the standard EMI/EMC testings as per different national and international standards by specifying the limit lines and susceptibility criteria in the problem definition and can check & ensure the electronics designs are complaint. EM simulation approach helps to identify weak points, eliminate uncertainties, avoid over engineering and optimize the complete development process, as the factor EMC can be involved right from the beginning by involving simulation expertise at earliest stages of development. Visualizing all electrical properties, using functional analyses via simulations, enables to optimize the functional behavior before development.

SAMEER,Visakhapatnam is offering EMI/EMC simulation services using state of art 3D EMI/EMC modeling tools advanced hardware configurations to simulate the electromagnetic problems for wide areas of interests from electrically complex to large structures. Combination of SAMEER EMC expertise and EMC simulation provides effectiveness and adequate solutions instead of applying measurement series with real samples.

Available Software Tools:

• ANSYS High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS)
• Altair FEKO
• Computer Simulation Technology (CST)

Modeling a TEM cell measurement chamber with an aircraft inside:

Open Area Test Site (OATS) meets the ANSI 63.4 normalized site attenuation requirements and the site data is on file with the FCC.

Open area test site, which can fit large trucks and systems. It is fully accommodated with the latest (mobile) measurement equipment and installations for supporting Defense systems. Conducted and radiated EMC measurements can be performed covering the frequency range up to 40 GHz. Susceptibility testing can be performed up to 40 GHz with field strengths of 200 V/m, especially for military standards.

Antenna measurements will also be carried out at OATS measurement facility.